Ovarian Cysts Specialist

What are ovarian cysts?

The ovaries are small structures located on either side of the uterus. They’re responsible for the maturation and release of eggs each month during the reproductive years. An ovarian cyst is a fluid-filled sac that develops inside of an ovary or on its surface. While some women have just one ovarian cyst, others may have many.

What causes ovarian cysts?

Several types of ovarian cysts can develop, including:

• Follicular cysts - Follicular cysts develop when the process of maturing and releasing an egg doesn’t work properly. Instead of releasing the egg, the follicle continues to grow and becomes a cyst.
• Corpus luteum cyst - After a follicle releases its egg, it becomes the corpus luteum. In some cases, however, the corpus luteum can accumulate fluid and become a cyst.
• Endometriomas - Endometriomas are cysts that develop on the ovary because of endometriosis.
• Cystadenomas - Cystadenomas are composed of ovarian tissue and are typically filled with fluid.
• Dermoid cysts - Dermoid cysts are cysts that contain a variety of tissue, including hair, teeth, or skin.

What are the symptoms of ovarian cysts?

Many ovarian cysts cause no symptoms and are discovered by accident. However, if symptoms do occur, they may include:

• Pain in the pelvis that may radiate to the thighs or lower back
• Pain in the pelvis before or after a period
• Pain during bowel movements
• Frequent urination
• A feeling of fullness in the pelvis
• Pain during intercourse
• Nausea, vomiting, and/or breast tenderness

How are ovarian cysts diagnosed?

If the doctor suspects an ovarian cyst, they may perform a pelvic exam. They may also recommend pelvic ultrasound or laparoscopy to visualize the ovaries. Ovarian cysts are usually benign. However, if Dr. Thomas or Dr. Eericca has any question about a growth on an ovary, further testing may be recommended to rule out malignancy.

How does Arizona Women’s Health Partners treat ovarian cysts?

Many ovarian cysts will go away on their own without treatment. However, if cysts fail to disappear or cause severe symptoms, Dr. Thomas or Dr. Eericca may recommend surgery to remove the cyst. For patients who develop cysts frequently, birth control pills may be necessary.